1 00:00:36,51 --> 00:00:41,08 Let's pretend we're in sub Paolo Brazil looking at a building looking at this 2 00:00:41,08 --> 00:00:44,87 picture will help. It's the home of a fine modern newspaper. 3 00:00:45,84 --> 00:00:50,59 Let's go inside and look around every newspaper in good standing has an editor 4 00:00:50,59 --> 00:00:56,77 and publisher. As August said to an editor and publisher yet. Is this he yes. 5 00:00:57,60 --> 00:01:01,83 The reception room which at the moment we seem to have all to ourselves. 6 00:01:01,85 --> 00:01:06,08 Or is the library crowded the staff is so busy getting out the paper 7 00:01:06,08 --> 00:01:07,38 that no one has time to read. 8 00:01:08,47 --> 00:01:12,74 And the business office however the boys are busy probably scrutinizing reporters 9 00:01:12,74 --> 00:01:17,79 expense account. On the advertising department. Here's where they have to work. 10 00:01:18,05 --> 00:01:24,07 No ads no buy for another must on any sheet the sports department wants an 11 00:01:24,07 --> 00:01:28,25 auditorium. Yes but just now it's crowded with little man who aren't there. 12 00:01:29,87 --> 00:01:32,13 There's a special edition of this paper for children. 13 00:01:32,26 --> 00:01:34,63 United States papers please copy. 14 00:01:35,95 --> 00:01:40,21 The art department the business in hand here is not art with a capital A 15 00:01:40,21 --> 00:01:41,79 but just pictures 16 00:01:41,79 --> 00:01:46,28 and more pictures pictures for the news section pictures for the ads pictures for 17 00:01:46,28 --> 00:01:46,97 the comic strip 18 00:01:50,22 --> 00:01:53,84 and then the city room where the reporters do the sitting down part of their job. 19 00:01:55,22 --> 00:01:59,34 And their boss the city editor used by radio. 20 00:02:00,00 --> 00:02:06,84 You a plane carrier so take this to the death of the assistant editor gets the flag 21 00:02:06,84 --> 00:02:11,70 the journalistically will start spinning word goes to the rewrite desk a story 22 00:02:11,70 --> 00:02:14,12 right away on that plane carrier and have a picture of 23 00:02:14,12 --> 00:02:20,11 that ship board is this from ARG very well they look and of course they'll have 24 00:02:20,11 --> 00:02:24,02 that plane carrier a good newspaper Mark you have on file in pictures 25 00:02:24,02 --> 00:02:26,88 or clippings are cuts everything from A to Z. 26 00:02:27,75 --> 00:02:33,89 Animals boxer's calamities debutantes excavations floods gerbils hanging's Indians 27 00:02:33,89 --> 00:02:40,29 judges Kings lumber murderers nitroglycerin opera's petroleum quintuplets Roosevelt 28 00:02:40,29 --> 00:02:45,82 studying tapestries uprisings vultures winds axes marking spots youngsters 29 00:02:45,82 --> 00:02:49,28 and zebras so they have the plane carrier. Yes. 30 00:02:53,45 --> 00:02:55,14 While the morgue is getting out of the picture of 31 00:02:55,14 --> 00:02:59,16 that ship the photo engraving room is getting ready to change it from a photograph 32 00:02:59,16 --> 00:03:04,13 to something you can put on a press and print to it first step. 33 00:03:04,16 --> 00:03:11,16 Photographing the photograph on glass the photographic image is 34 00:03:11,16 --> 00:03:17,95 transferred to a sensitized zinc plate the plate then has to have the non printing 35 00:03:17,95 --> 00:03:21,90 parts of its surface removed. This is done by chemical action. 36 00:03:26,71 --> 00:03:30,98 There are some plates all nicely eaten away in the right places ready for trimming 37 00:03:30,98 --> 00:03:36,11 and then for insertion in the printing far to obtain white spaces 38 00:03:36,11 --> 00:03:39,20 when the picture is printed the plate is routed in this fashion. 39 00:03:42,40 --> 00:03:46,03 Meanwhile somebody upstairs has been busy at a typewriter doing a story 40 00:03:46,03 --> 00:03:48,11 and good vivid Portugese all 41 00:03:48,11 --> 00:03:52,16 that plane carrying the first take should be ready by now here it is 42 00:03:55,92 --> 00:03:58,15 a copy goes to the line of type operated. 43 00:04:01,56 --> 00:04:06,33 As he presses the keys the machine casts the story into tight each line in a single 44 00:04:06,33 --> 00:04:12,00 solid piece called a slug inside the machine are make receivers are moles hurrying 45 00:04:12,00 --> 00:04:14,60 into place to form the letters and then hustling back again. 46 00:04:14,62 --> 00:04:19,63 And molten lead down a vast deal of ingenious mechanisms speedy accurate 47 00:04:19,63 --> 00:04:21,58 typesetting machines and the speed 48 00:04:21,58 --> 00:04:25,96 and accuracy of the men who run them these make possible the modern newspaper. 49 00:04:31,09 --> 00:04:34,04 Now that a couple of hundred stories of come off the line a type machine 50 00:04:34,04 --> 00:04:36,90 and I have tones and line cuts are all made and trimmed 51 00:04:36,90 --> 00:04:39,34 and everything is nicely assembled on the makeup table. 52 00:04:39,54 --> 00:04:40,73 Are they ready to go ahead 53 00:04:40,73 --> 00:04:44,89 and run off the edition there me no this is not the lead. 54 00:04:44,91 --> 00:04:45,60 They'll print from 55 00:04:52,61 --> 00:04:59,25 after the farmers are locked they go to the stereotyping department a 56 00:04:59,25 --> 00:05:03,40 blank matrix is laid over the type and picture then all the lead 57 00:05:03,40 --> 00:05:05,95 and zinc locked up in the farm makes an impression 58 00:05:05,95 --> 00:05:12,70 or decided impression sixty two tons of it on that blank made everything on 59 00:05:12,70 --> 00:05:14,46 that page type pictures 60 00:05:14,46 --> 00:05:18,45 and all is now reproduced on the make now will it print the paper. 61 00:05:19,25 --> 00:05:20,78 Oh not yet don't be so impatient 62 00:05:27,02 --> 00:05:31,38 the matrix goes into a casting machine more molten lead this in there somewhere. 63 00:05:32,33 --> 00:05:36,41 Now the whole page reading matter pictures and all is cast into lead again. 64 00:05:37,35 --> 00:05:38,96 Now they'll have something to print to it 65 00:05:42,05 --> 00:05:48,88 that is pretty soon the castings first go to 66 00:05:48,88 --> 00:05:54,18 another machine where they're trim to just the right size for the press does all 67 00:05:54,18 --> 00:05:56,26 this. Seem to you. Fussy and time consuming 68 00:05:57,02 --> 00:05:59,89 but hell it all goes faster than you can say why. 69 00:06:00,00 --> 00:06:06,87 The goal rather noting 70 00:06:06,88 --> 00:06:11,27 the press nearly time for the first edition to be on the street after starting 71 00:06:11,27 --> 00:06:12,03 rolling pretty soon. 72 00:06:13,25 --> 00:06:17,28 But what a late print on can't have newspapers without newsprint Where is the paper 73 00:06:17,28 --> 00:06:20,53 paper sure there's paper and lots and lots of it. 74 00:06:20,55 --> 00:06:22,65 About twenty rolls of it for each edition. 75 00:06:23,07 --> 00:06:26,06 While editors and reporters and proofreaders on the line of diapers 76 00:06:26,06 --> 00:06:27,71 and photographers and graves 77 00:06:27,71 --> 00:06:31,43 and all the others have been putting the addition together some of the other boys 78 00:06:31,43 --> 00:06:35,32 have been loading the presses with paper deadline for starting the first edition 79 00:06:35,32 --> 00:06:36,65 for the presses is high noon. 80 00:06:36,95 --> 00:06:41,88 Everything is about reading on this moment repeated every day in any big newspaper 81 00:06:41,88 --> 00:06:42,94 office is like 82 00:06:42,94 --> 00:06:47,08 that pleasantly exciting moment in the theater just before the curtain goes up. 83 00:06:48,81 --> 00:06:49,12 Largo. 84 00:06:49,16 --> 00:06:55,60 It's noon o'clock sayso the sirens say so people outside waiting for newspapers all 85 00:06:55,60 --> 00:06:59,34 know so why start those presses rolling. 86 00:07:01,23 --> 00:07:06,13 So the big daily grist of news goes through the milling rolling presses more games 87 00:07:06,13 --> 00:07:10,56 for Russia on the eastern front man you know us who will pick to win the fourth 88 00:07:10,56 --> 00:07:15,87 today at the Jockey Club U.-Boats off the coast quadruplets born in Chile Churchill 89 00:07:15,87 --> 00:07:20,87 gets a confidence vote in common dogs barking saves a day in Rio five so nearly 90 00:07:20,87 --> 00:07:25,19 tomorrow you do want to engage to be married nine German generals suddenly taken 91 00:07:25,19 --> 00:07:27,13 ill. Lots of news. 92 00:07:27,47 --> 00:07:33,60 Big news trivial news tragic news amusing news world shaking news all sorts of news 93 00:07:33,60 --> 00:07:34,99 for a news hungry world. 94 00:07:36,07 --> 00:07:39,98 So it is here in Sao Paulo as it is in any other big city where the press is free 95 00:07:39,98 --> 00:07:42,53 and where the people who turn out newspapers know their trade. 96 00:07:43,42 --> 00:07:47,81 This is some follow but it might as well be Boston or Indianapolis or Dallas 97 00:07:47,81 --> 00:07:48,32 or for a school. 98 00:08:23,34 --> 00:08:26,27 If this looks like the way things are done in Chicago or Detroit. 99 00:08:26,40 --> 00:08:30,99 That's because this town of Sao Paulo in Brazil is energetically alive with high 100 00:08:30,99 --> 00:08:35,68 power South American progressiveness Where is the fastest growing city in the 101 00:08:35,68 --> 00:08:38,04 Western Hemisphere in the United States. 102 00:08:38,37 --> 00:08:43,81 Most of it's the same some Paulo in Brazil a million two hundred thousand people 103 00:08:44,66 --> 00:08:48,69 and fifty thousand more of them each year Modern commercial 104 00:08:48,69 --> 00:08:53,57 and industrial life abounds in some power as in no other place in South America. 105 00:08:53,98 --> 00:08:57,21 No wonder they need brisk up to date journalism 106 00:08:57,21 --> 00:09:23,73 and they get it are 107 00:09:23,74 --> 00:09:26,49 said to is much more than a local Some follow paper. 108 00:09:26,73 --> 00:09:30,92 It covers a wide field by airplane. And by train. 109 00:09:31,00 --> 00:09:34,40 It goes to all parts of South and Central America and 110 00:09:34,41 --> 00:09:42,49 that is for distribution within Brazil. 111 00:09:44,88 --> 00:09:51,75 F I M pronounced seem being as you guessed this Portuguese are 112 00:09:51,75 --> 00:09:52,39 the end.